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مثال
When I arrived, they had gone.
وقتی که من رسیدم ،آنها رفته بودند.
فاعل + had + P.P + بقیه جمله
She had washed the dishes.
برای سوالی کردن این زمان کافی است فعل کمکی hadرا به اول جمله منقل کنیم و برای منفی کردن (not)را به had اضافه کنیم.
Had the match started when you arrived?
They had not (hadn’t) washed the dishes because they were tired.
راه اصلی شناخت گذشته کامل (ماضی بعید) این است که از دو فعلی که انجام گرفته متوجه شویم کدامیک زودتر اتفاق افتاده است،آن را که زودتر اتفاق افتاده است با ماضی بعید بیان کنیم.
When you phoned, Reza had gone.
این جمله نشان می دهد که اول رضا رفته و بعد شما تلفن زده اید.
She went to bed after she had washed the dishes.
این جمله نشان می دهد که اول ظرف ها را شسته و بعد خوابیده است.
اما فرمول و قواعدی هم وجود دارد که شما را در حل این تست ها کمک می کند.
We had eaten lunch before Reza came.
When I sent the book to him, he had bought it.
1. I couldn’t phone him because I had lost his number.
2. After I had taken the medicine, I felt a little better.
The letters had been posted when he arrived.
When I had done my homework, I watched TV.
1) I think that I have seen him before. I thought that I had seen him before.
2) He is tired because he has worked a lot. He was tired because he had worked a lot.
When I arrived, the train had already left.
I had just finished my homework when you phoned.
After playing tennis, we went home.
You can eat lunch before watching TV.
I had lived in Isfahan for 20 years before I moved to Tehran.
They had known each after since they were children.
اگر در مورد حال حرف بزنیم، از ماضی نقلی به جای ماضی بعید استفاده می کنیم.
چکیده: خلاصه اینکه در جمله های مرکبی که معمولا از دو جمله ترکیب شده اند ، اگر یکی از انها ماضی بعید باشد ، آن دیگری معمولا گذشته ساده می آید و برعکس.
