معادله های زیر را حل کنید و با به دست آوردن ریشه های معادله، \({x_1}\) و \({x_2}\) حاصل \({x_1} + {x_2}\) را به دست آورید. آیا ارتباطی میان مجموع ریشه ها و ضرایب a، b و c در معادلهٔ درجه دو گفته شده وجود دارد؟
\(3{x^2} + 5x - 2 = 0\) الف
\(4{x^2} + 3x - 7 = 0\) ب
بله؛ رابطه زیر برقرار است:
\({x_1} + {x_2} = - \frac{b}{a}\)
الف
\(\begin{array}{l}a = 3\,\,\,,\,\,\,b = 5\,\,\,,\,\,\,c = - 2\\\\\Delta = {b^2} - 4ac = \\\\{5^2} - 4 \times 3 \times ( - 2) = \\\\25 + 24 = 49\\\\x = \frac{{ - b \pm \sqrt \Delta }}{{2a}} = \frac{{ - 5 \pm \sqrt {49} }}{{2 \times 3}}\\\\ = \frac{{ - 5 \pm 7}}{6}\\\\ \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}{x_1} = - 2\\\\{x_2} = \frac{1}{3}\end{array} \right.\\\\\left\{ \begin{array}{l}{x_1} + {x_2} = - 2 + \frac{1}{3} = - \frac{5}{3}\\\\ - \frac{b}{a} = - \frac{5}{3}\end{array} \right.\\\\ \Rightarrow {x_1} + {x_2} = - \frac{b}{a}\end{array}\)
ب
\(\begin{array}{l}a = 4\,\,\,,\,\,\,b = 3\,\,\,,\,\,\,c = - 7\\\\\Delta = {b^2} - 4ac = \\\\{3^2} - 4 \times 4 \times ( - 7) = \\\\9 + 112 = 121\\\\x = \frac{{ - b \pm \sqrt \Delta }}{{2a}} = \frac{{ - 3 \pm \sqrt {121} }}{{2 \times 4}} = \\\\\frac{{ - 3 \pm 11}}{8}\\\\ \Rightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}{x_1} = - \frac{7}{4}\\\\{x_2} = + 1\end{array} \right.\\\\\left\{ \begin{array}{l}{x_1} + {x_2} = - \frac{7}{4} + 1 = - \frac{3}{4}\\\\ - \frac{b}{a} = - \frac{3}{4}\end{array} \right.\\\\ \Rightarrow {x_1} + {x_2} = - \frac{b}{a}\end{array}\)