1- نشان دهید که اگر a,b,c>0 و c≠1، آنگاه
\({\log _c}\frac{a}{b} = {\log _c}a - {\log _c}b\)
\(\begin{array}{l}{\log _c}\frac{a}{b} = {\log _c}\left( {a \times \frac{1}{b}} \right) = {\log _c}a + {\log _c}\frac{1}{b}\\ = {\log _c}a + {\log _c}{b^{ - 1}} = {\log _c}a - {\log _c}b\end{array}\)
2 اگر \(b = \log 3\;,\;a = \log 2\) ، حاصل عبارت های زیر را برحسب a و b بنویسید.
الف \(\log 0/75\)
ب \(3\log \sqrt[3]{4} - \log 250\)
پ \(\log 0/005\)
الف
\(\log 0/75 = \log \frac{3}{4} = \log 3 - \log 4 = \log 3 - 2\log 2 = b - 2a\)
ب
\(\begin{array}{l}3\log \sqrt[3]{4} - \log 250 = 3\log {2^{\frac{2}{3}}} - \log \frac{{1000}}{{{2^2}}}\\\\ = 3 \times \frac{2}{3}\log 2 - \left( {\log 1000 - 2\log 2} \right)\\\\ = 2a - \left( {3 - 2a} \right) = 4a - 3\end{array}\)
پ
\(\begin{array}{l}\log 0/005 = \log \frac{1}{{200}} = \log 1 - \log \left( {2 \times {{10}^2}} \right)\\\\ = 0 - \left( {\log 2 + 2\log 10} \right) = - a - 2\end{array}\)